Existential-Panpsychism as defined with EOTP is a ontological stance that situates consciousness as a fundamental feature of the universe,
containing and giving rise to the existential condition of being in which humans find themselves. This view explores how the universal
nature of consciousness affects individual existence, freedom, and choice. It seeks to discover and examine the implications of a
universally conscious world for existential themes like freedom of choice, meaning, isolation, and individuality.
In this stance, human existence and the broader consciousness of the universe are seen as one unified field of being. The individual's
search for meaning, understanding of self, and the existential journey are considered within the context of a world where consciousness is
a fundamental, pervasive quality. This leads to a unique stance on human experience, emphasizing both the individual's
existential struggles and the broader universal nature of consciousness.
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Some notable philosophers who have contributed to the development of panpsychism include:
Thales of Miletus: An ancient Greek philosopher who is often credited with being one of the first to propose a form of panpsychism. He believed that all things are full of gods, implying a sort of animism or inherent consciousness in all matter.
Baruch Spinoza: A 17th-century Dutch philosopher, Spinoza's pantheism has elements that resemble panpsychism. He believed that God is the only substance, and everything else that exists is a mode of God. This view can be seen as a form of panpsychism in the sense that everything is imbued with the divine, which is akin to a universal consciousness.
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: A 17th-century German philosopher, Leibniz proposed the concept of "monads," which are simple substances that make up the universe. According to him, each monad is a living mirror of the universe, possessing its own consciousness or perception.
Alfred North Whitehead: A 20th-century English mathematician and philosopher, Whitehead's process philosophy includes a version of panpsychism. He proposed that reality is fundamentally composed of events rather than matter, and these events possess aspects of mind or experience.
Arthur Schopenhauer: A 19th-century German philosopher, Schopenhauer's philosophy also hints at panpsychistic ideas. His notion of the world as will and representation suggests a kind of universal force that could be interpreted as a form of consciousness pervading reality.
David Chalmers: A contemporary Australian philosopher, Chalmers is well-known for his work on the philosophy of mind, particularly the "hard problem" of consciousness. He has discussed panpsychism as a potential solution to some of the problems in understanding consciousness.
Thomas Nagel: An American philosopher, Nagel has proposed ideas that resonate with panpsychism, particularly in his argument that the subjective aspect of experience may be a fundamental feature of the universe.
Galileo Galilei: Galileo is sometimes referenced in discussions of panpsychism due to his role in differentiating between primary and secondary qualities, which laid groundwork that some panpsychists have built upon.